THE systemic functional THEory of Halliday is based on three levels of semantics, known as ideational, interpersonal, and TEXTUAL. THE present descriptive-analytical research aimed to study THE clauses of ayahs of Surah Al-Humazah from THE point of view of TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION. THE findings showed that THE frequent use of marked THEme has highlighted and better conveyed THE message to THE audience and this usage fits THE discourse space of THE surah in question. FurTHErmore, new information in this surah has THE highest frequency because THE surah makes use of curse, warning, and threatening of THE accumulators of property and wealth ("who amasses wealth and counts it") as well as faultfinders ("Woe to every backbiter, slanderer"). Grammatical and lexical coherence and linking, which are in a logical exchange with each oTHEr, has made THE text integrated, helping THE readers to better understand THE Qur'anic text.

Every single word and sentence of eloquent words have been selected and arranged in a purposeful and logical way. THE Quranic researchers have sought to discover THE way of relation and THE philosophy of THE arrangement (order and formation) of THE Qur'anic verses since THE Quran is THE most eloquent word. THE process (semantic relations) is also defined in this way in order to provide a simple understanding of how THE verses of THE Qur'anic chapters are related. THE content of each sura is divided into several semantic domains and THE relationship between THEse relations is examined based on this new process. In this paper, THE process (semantic relations) is adapted to THE two suras (Arabic: سورة, chapters) of Ash-Shams (Arabic: الشمس) and al-Layl (Arabic: اللیل) in a descriptive analytical method to find an answer to THE question of how THE application of THE process of semantic relations leads to THE discovery of THE TEXTUAL coherence of Suras Ash-Shams and al-Layl. Finally, it is concluded that THEre is a central semantic relation in each of THEse two surahs that THE rest of THE relations are arranged in different methods of expressing in order to prove or believability and better understanding of that central meaning.

This paper is an attempt to describe THE speech of six year-old children within THE Systemic Functional Grammar framework (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004) based on THE TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION THEory. This kind of study is of importance since despite THE significance of studying THE Persian language, specifically spoken Persian in children's speech area, THE number of such studies is limited. THE data of THE present research includes more than 4200 simple and compound clauses. This spoken data for children was extracted from a research conducted between 1380-1384 entitled as "THE Study of Iranian Children's Core Vocabulary" and was obtained from twenty new-entrants-to-primary-school Persian children in Tehran (including randomly selected ten girls and ten boys). Every story was illustrated by three or four colored and communicative pictures. THE main results of this research show that: a) THE simple clauses made 90 percent of THE children's speech, and compound clauses made only 10 percent of THEm.b)THE occurrence rate of marked experiential THEme in THE speech of children was 18 percent.c)Subject pronoun deletion was a dominant, unmarked intent and its rate is about 55 percent.d)In THE spoken language of children, THE rate of using compound/multiple THEmes is 30 percent.e)THE below hierarchy was observed in sequences of compound/multiple THEmes in spoken language of Persian children: TEXTUAL-experiential (98%)>interpersonal-experiential (1.5%)> TEXTUAL-interpersonal-experiential (0.5%) f)THE TEXTUAL THEmes have been used in 98% of THE compound/multiple THEmes.g)THE most frequent TEXTUAL THEmes were /ba'ad/ and its varieties and after that /digar/ and its varieties.h)THE most frequent TEXTUAL THEmes in THE subordinate clauses were /ke/ and after that /ta/ which was used in a lower frequency.i)In THE speech of children, THE occurrence of interpersonal THEmes was only two percent amongst compound/multiple THEmes.

Taking a linguistic perceptive on THE Holy Qur'an has opened new horizons in Qur'anic studies. Michael Halliday's THEory is an approach within functionalist linguistics that has currently drawn many linguists' attention. Halliday believes that different components of speech have three ideational, interpersonal and TEXTUAL METAFUNCTIONs, hence his attempt at regulating three corresponding semantic layers. THE present research aims to analyze THE discourse of Surah Al-Falaq and Surah Al-Nas at THE level of TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION based on Halliday's functionalist THEory. THErefore, through studying THE THEmatic and informative structures of Surah al-Falaq and Surah Al-Nas and extracting THE elements and techniques used for creating cohesion, we found that THE two surahs are, in terms of discourse, on THE basis of conversation and question and answer, and THE use of Halliday's discourse-based components, i. e. TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION, does not vary across THEm, but in THEir TEXTUAL cohesion a variety of devices are effective. In addition, THE two surahs differ in terms of THE degree of THE utilization of THEse cohesive (grammatical, lexical, and semantic) devices. THE first and THE most important cohesive device in THE texts of both surahs are verbal and lexical elements, and repetition, taking different forms, is THE most frequently-used device.

Using linguistic patterns in studying THE style of different texts can help Persian stylistics to get out of repeating traditional methods and getting in a new way. A way which make this field more dynamic and more applied. For this purpose, in THE present article we have tried to use Hallidayan functional grammar, specially TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION, in order to study THE style of THE tales of Tafsire Soureye Yousof. To do this we analyzed 16 tales of THE book and found that although at first glance THE prose of THE tales is simple (morsal) because of using unmarked and simple THEmes more than marked and multiple ones, and using reference more than oTHEr cohesive devices, but relative use of long sentences, marked and multiple THEmes, and also low frequency of ellipsis and substitution in order to create Rhyme and balance, shows that THE tales have somewhat rhymed prose.

Autism, first introduced by Bleuler (1940) and later developed by Kanner (1940), is a neurodevelopmental disorder that poses challenges in communication for autistic individuals, hindering THEir social interactions and activities. Autism encompasses cognitive and linguistic difficulties, with genetics believed to be a contributing factor. Symptoms often become evident between 18 to 36 months of age. Autistic individuals commonly struggle with verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction, and oTHEr activities. Communication difficulties are a core characteristic of autism, with approximately 50% of autistic individuals being unable to use language for communication. A notable trait is THE avoidance of THE pronoun "I, " and THE repetition of words and phrases, known as 'echolalia. ' THEre is a wide spectrum of language development among autistic individuals, ranging from those who never speak to those who exhibit slow comprehension despite fluent speech. This spectrum includes both mild and severe forms of autism, with some severely affected individuals being non-verbal or having echolalia. Milder cases learn language but tend to use words and expressions based on THEir own perspectives, making simple conversations challenging. THE speech performance of autistic individuals has been a subject of controversy in psychology, as THEir appearance is often similar to non-autistic individuals, making it difficult for families to recognize and accept THEir children's challenges. This lack of recognition can lead to frustration for parents, who may not receive THE verbal and practical affection THEy need.

Abstract      Halliday emphasizes on ideational, interpersonal and textural METAFUNCTIONs in systematic functional linguistics, which can be useful for analyzing sentences of literary texts and understanding special styles of poets or writers. Shahnameh has THE potential of being studied in different fields like linguistics, thus THE writer analyzes styles of THE stories of Iraj and Rostam and Shaghad, based on Halliday’s THEory. This paper is an attempt to study THE problem of different processes, interpersonal METAFUNCTIONs, and textural cohesion in stories of Iraj and Rostam and Shaghad. THE results of this study show that among all THE used processes, material process has THE highest frequency in both stories, which indicate concrete events and actions used in THE scenes.  In non-structural part of TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION, grammatical and lexical cohesions cause text connections and coordination. In grammatical cohesion, conjunctions and in lexical cohesion reiteration, repetition element has THE highest frequency in both stories. Past form of THE verbs are used and subjects are often obvious and indicative mood which emphasizes on truthfulness of propositions and certainty of THE text has THE most frequency in THEse stories. Investigating and adapting all three semantic layers of Halliday’s THEory in THE stories of Iraj and Rostam and Shaghad emphasizes on THE unified, integrated, coherent structure of both texts.

In recent years, a major shift has been observed in English language textbooks in all grades, especially in secondary school in Iran. It seems that THE inappropriateness of THE previous syllabus has led THE material developers to make content and structural changes in THE new books; THErefore, it is expected that in THE writing of new books, different scientific views be taken into consideration and aligned with THE scientific THEories of THE day. THE purpose of THE present study is to investigate THE secondary school’ s English language textbooks in Iran based on THE TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION of Halliday’ s Systematic Functional Grammar (SFG) and to specify THE frequency and type of TEXTUAL THEmes in THE texts of THE new books. For this purpose, 301 clauses in reading parts of THE secondary school’ s English language textbooks were analyzed. THE results of THE analysis showed that THE authors of THEse books are familiar with THEse concepts; that is, THEse components have been taken into account in many cases in terms of THE choice of reading texts in terms of type and number of THEmes and THE number of simple and compound clauses; but, in some cases, THEy have not paid careful attention to THE distribution of THE components, especially in THE lesson to lessons distribution, considering THEir respective educational bases. It is hoped that THE weaknesses identified in this study be considered in THE new editions of THE aforementioned books.

THE responses of impeccable Imams to THE question of entering THE world into an egg, without changing THE volume of both sides, are among THE problematic narratives in THE field of monoTHEism, THE interpretation of which may be considered as knowing THE impossible rational matter by using THE analogy of entering THE image of objects into THE eye, which is not consistent with THE content of THE original question; THE issue does not end THEre and receiving conflicting dual answers from THE Imams to THE same question and considering this matter as impossible, are among THE oTHEr challenges in dealing with this category of hadiths. THE present study has used a descriptive-analytical method to explain THEse hadiths and has found that scholars only accept THE apparent indication of THE narratives, considering this matter as impossible, and interpret or deny THE narratives that have addressed THE problem through a metaphorical representation of THE world entering THE eye. On THE oTHEr hand, one can interpret some narratives that indicate THE possibility of this matter by making changes to both sides and remaining silent, and present a new interpretation based on THE THEories of "Holography" and "Removal of Empty Space of Atoms" in contemporary sciences, in a way that it can be considered as a solution to resolve THE contradiction. In fact, THE Imams have sometimes given a precise and real answer to THE narrators' current state and needs, and sometimes a metaphorical and tacit answer, so that neiTHEr THE scholars remain ignorant of THE truth nor a pretext for denying THE power of Almighty God is created for THE ignorant and THE opponents. THErefore, merely benefiting from a strange appearance of a narrative or initially understanding it in conflict with reason, knowledge, epistemological geometry, etc., is not a sufficient reason for rejection and denial, and a precise understanding of THE hadiths requires multidimensional studies that taking into account THE knowledge of contemporary humanity can be one of THE requirements that can change THE world of hadith understanding.

In Functional Grammar, THEme is a structure that plays a key role in message processing and it refers to THE subject matter to which THE message relates. Due to having such role, this linguistic concept is considered in THE analysis of educational texts by those interested in this field. In THE present study, drawing upon TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION of Functional THEory, finding possible similarities and differences in THE THEme selection of universities’ ESP textbooks in Humanities and Engineering disciplines by Iranian(SAMT) and non-Iranian authors is of significant interest. THE method of this research is descriptive-analytical and THE statistical population is 32 readable texts from THE sources. THE results showed that THEre is no significant difference in THE use of THEmes in THE corpus, among authors, and between dicsiplines; so that, 100% experimental THEmes, simple THEmes more than multiple THEmes (76% vs. 24%) and TEXTUAL THEmes more than interpersonal THEmes (22. 5% vs. 2%) have been used by all authors. It seems that THE main reason for this similarity is related to THE genre similarity of writings. Based on THE findings, THE following results can be inferred: THEme is meaningful in THE English language and is taken into account in THE writing of academic textbooks, especially in ESP; THE remarkable similarity and THE writing framework alignment of different authors with Halliday’ s systemic functional THEory suggests THE usefulness of this view in THE evaluation of scientific books; THE authors' attention to THE effectiveness of THE TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION as an efficient resource in THE construction, development, and coherence of texts, as well as its efficiency in academic textbooks division to different genres is elaborated; finally, in THE light of THEse findings, it can be said that choosing a textbook based on THE criteria that THE author is Iranian or not, is not desirable.